In 2003 Botswana developed a national monitoring and evaluation system, the Botswana HIV and AIDS Response Management System (BHRIMS), as a vehicle through which information generated by different stakeholders operating at various levels and locations could be brought together to systematically gauge progress against the epidemic. Overall, BHRIMS is a product of a recognition of the critical need for strategic information in programme development, management, and review.

One of the key responsibilities of NACA is to track the performance of national HIV AND AIDS programmes on a regular basis. This requirement is accomplished through systematic tracking programme output indicators and targets as defined in the National Monitoring and Evaluation Framework. To this end, a quarterly report is produced for the National AIDS Council to gauge programme implementation.

Monitoring and evaluation are universal activities indispensable to effective and efficient operation of any program/project. The development of a monitoring and evaluation program will ensure that waste of resources during program implementation is avoided and that the program stays on course. In the absence of a monitoring and evaluation framework program managers and other stakeholders often find themselves not having control over events. Training in the development and implementation of a performance monitoring and evaluation system is therefore significant and essential to program implementation.